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Q What conditions does the Pact impose on non-Muslim populations? How harsh do the conditions seem? Does the pact seem to encourage conversion to Islam? What kind of screen image of Muslims is the author of the Pact projecting?

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The Pact of Umar is a treaty signed between Muslims and other non-Muslim populations in order to deal with the non-Muslim populations. The main reason behind this Pact was to find a middle way to deal with non-Muslims, as they were the majority in many of the areas, and Muslim dominion was rapidly expanding in the seventh century. That is why Muslims planned a solution and developed the notion of “dhimma” or contract of protection for non-Muslim. The Pact imposed some conditions on non-Muslim populations, for example paying a special tax, not building any monasteries, convents, or